Archive for September, 2006

Real Time Rome

Thursday, September 28th, 2006

Forse l’ispirazione ci venne leggendo una conversazione di Lewis Carroll: ‘Abbiamo realizzato una mappa del paese alla scala uno a uno!”. “L’avete usata molto?” chiesi. “Finora non è mai stata aperta” disse Mein Herr, “i contadini hanno avuto da ridire, sostenendo che avrebbe ricoperto l’intero paese, occultando la luce del sole! Così adesso usiamo l’intero paese come mappa di se stesso, e posso assicurarvi che funziona altrettanto bene”‘.

Il progetto ‘Real Time Rome’, Roma in tempo reale, che presentiamo in questi giorni alla Biennale di Venezia - con la sponsorship di Telecom Italia e la collaborazione tecnica del Comune di Roma, dell’Atac, di Google e della cooperativa di taxi Samarcanda - parte da una constatazione molto semplice. La proliferazione delle reti di comunicazione senza fili permette oggi un approccio nuovo allo studio e alla mappatura della città. Nel caso di Roma ci basiamo sui dati di posizionamento GPS ricevuti in tempo reale dai taxi e dai mezzi pubblici e li incrociamo con informazioni provenienti dalla rete di telefonia cellulare, ricavate in modo aggregato e anonimo (senza nessuna implicazione quindi per la privacy dei cittadini) utilizzando l’innovativa piattaforma Lochness di Telecom Italia.

Alla Biennale è possibile così visualizzare in tempo reale la situazione del traffico e degli ingorghi, ma anche la distribuzione in ogni momento di pedoni e mezzi pubblici, l’utilizzazione della città da parte dei turisti stranieri o la popolarità dei monumenti in funzione del loro affollamento (una specie di top-ten istantanea, dal Colosseo a San Pietro). Utilizzando dati registrati, inoltre, è possibile analizzare le grandi ondate che attraversano la città durante eventi eccezionali, quali i festeggimenti per i mondiali, il concerto di Madonna o la Notte Bianca.

Quali sono le implicazioni di tutto ciò? Si tratta innanzitutto di nuove tecniche conoscitive a livello urbanistico, che in futuro potrebbero aiutarci a progettare meglio città e spazi pubblici. A individuare per esempio i punti critici delle infrastrutture urbane e a intervenire puntualmente per apportare eventuali correzioni. Tutto ciò in tempo reale, creando cioè un interessante sistema di azione e reazione alla scala urbana.

Ma le implicazioni del concetto di ‘città in tempo reale’ sono più ampie e sembrano mettere in crisi i sistemi tradizionali di mappatura, basati su una rappresentazione sintetica, nonché statica, di un territorio. Come visualizzare grandi quantità di informazioni che per di più vengono aggiornate di continuo? I cambiamenti oggi in corso sembrano preconizzare dinamiche simili a quelle che hanno portato alla nascita di Internet: la creazione di grandi database georeferenziati dai quali ciascuno può attingere liberamente le informazioni di cui ha bisgno.

Processi di questo tipo sono già in corso, ma stanno evolvendo rapidamente e acquisteranno ancora maggior importanza nei prossimi anni con l’avvento delle etichette intelligenti e della cosiddetta rivoluzione RFID. Forse allora il territorio e la sua mappa diventeranno la stessa cosa, come nel dialogo surreale di Lewis Carroll?

Carlo

Carlo1

Interview of Liane Lefaivre with Alain de Botton

Thursday, September 28th, 2006

Liane Lefaivre: The question I would like to ask you is: How did this Biennale, which for the overwhelming part was anything but beautiful, dealing as it did with ugly, sprawling, messy side of cities like Mumbai, Mexico City, Shanghai, Caracas and so forth, strike you, as someone who has definite views about the architecture of beauty. (I am assuming you had time to have a look at the main exhibition at the Arsenale) How do things look from your standpoint? Have architects gone round the bend and perhaps off the deep end? Should the situation be redressed?

Alain de Botton: ‘This was my first trip to the Biennale and my overwhelming impression was of the difficulties of reporting on architecture in an exhibition format. Shows such as these are uneasily poised between the pleasures of witnessing real buildings - and of reading books about them. They are often in danger of missing out on the pleasures of both. The Arsenale exhibition was very well done in its genre, but it was essentially a book on walls and I myself would have loved to sit in a comfortable armchair and read the book version, rather than walking down the eerie and endless corridor. This said, it’s good to see architects considering the problem of the city, though intellectually all the arguments are by now extremely familiar and have been well formulated by people like Jan Gehl. In a sense, most thinking about urban design could be termed ‘What Le Corbusier forgot and Jan Gehl remembered.’ Nowadays, everyone from Richard Rogers to Prince Charles agree on what needs to be done to make cities habitable. No one is proposing schemes as mistaken as those urban designers put forward in the 20th century. Good urban design has become common-sense. So the real challenges lie in the area of delivery: and it would have been good for the show to concentrate a little more on the politics and economics of getting good urban design. This is in a sense much trickier than the architecture. Then again, perhaps these themes are best left to the World Economic Forum or some such body to debate. My most joyful architectural experience of the Biennale came from looking around the French pavilion: it’s cheap, human, lively and inspiring.’

Q&A: Liane Lefaivre and Paul Finch

Thursday, September 28th, 2006

Liane Lefaivre: Reality is pretty nasty. I think I heard you say something to this effect. Do you think this Biennale brought architecture any closer to the real world?

Paul Finch: Architecture is intimately concerned with the real world, dealing as it does with individuals and organisations as clients, planning and regulatory regimes, the construction and materials industries and the other professionals who combine to create buildings.

However, this concern, generally speaking, relates only to partial aspects of architecture’s true canvas – the city. I think the 2006 Biennale compels architects to consider the appropriate role for architecture in respect of at least the following:

• Should the future planning of expanding urban areas be a matter for planners and engineers alone?
• How can the demands of demographic change and developing world industrialisation be reconciled with environmental design?
• Are the most signficant housebuilding programmes in human history to be informed/guided/determined by anything other than the ‘ideology-free’ construction industry?
• Is the idea of a city aesthetic an irrelevance?
•Is the city more than the sum of its parts?
• Where do ideas about public space, both hard and soft, find a voice in cities undergoing uprecedneted growth?
• What conversation needs to take place without the particpants being accued of megalomania on the one hand, or impotence on the other?

Top Models

Wednesday, September 27th, 2006

Dsc04750

Dsc04858

Dsc04687

Dsc04713

Liane Lefaivre interviews Jean Francois Drevon, rédacteur en chef, AMC - Le Moniteur Architecture

Wednesday, September 27th, 2006

Liane Lefaivre: Je voulais te demander ton avis a propos du pavillion francais. Et aussi du pavillion anglais. D’en faire la comparaison.
Jean-Francois Drevon: je suis retourné, dimanche au pavillon français. la baraque à frite était comble, encore une fois l’escalier était impraticable; difficile d’acceder au sommet quand on est pas ministre. Avec le petit embouteillage on aurait pu croire qu’il y avait foule. Bouchain nous avait pourtant promis “le pavillon sera une grande maison de la France, dans laquelle nous pourrons accueillir, offrir le gîte et le couvert et tranmettre.”
Or c’était payant et la transmission se limitait à la projection des projets de PB. Cela fait la troisième fois fois que la France inonde la lagune d’un flôt de discours sans acte : les vaporrettos littéraires de Nouvel ont pris l’eau et le sommet de Kyoto de Jourda était en carton. Alors je suis allé en face, au pavillon de l’Allemagne. On pouvait facilement se rendre sur une large terrasse, perchée sur le toit, pour admirer les alpes. Le pavillon anglais: il s’agissait aussi d’activisme de salon? décidemment Venise est un joli village…

The Dark Side

Monday, September 25th, 2006

Darkside_club

In addition to the immediacy of this Superblog - which is a fantastic idea - I thought The Architectural Review, Urban Splash, and White Partners Dark Side discussions (see image) held at the Palazzo Contarini was a fantastic idea. It brought together architects-to young to be included in the biennale- late every evening (from 11:00-1:00) to present new work and hear from a group of distinguished jury of peers. The hosts Robert White and Paul Finch were able to tie these projects into a larger discussion of Cities, Architecture and Society. It engaged a wide array of disparate but critical voices – exactly what was missing from the official positions on view at the Arsenale.

Promises and Lies

Monday, September 25th, 2006

Odile, bless her, spoke for many when she wondered what had happened to architecture this year. But a break, however brief, from starchitecture was welcome nonetheless, no? The bits of this Biennale that stick in the mind are the promises and the lies (is that too harsh?). France was the initial standout but on the first Monday, after the opening, the stairs of their house were barred… It was like nobody was at home or worse, nobody was welcome anymore. They were on one side of the do-not-pass-the-crime-scene tape, we were on the other. I’ll be back in November and, hopefully, we’ll all be ‘chez France’ again. If it was just that the mosquitoes were getting to them, like they were to me, I’ll understand…

So it’s the oddities, the radicals, that linger most. The nobel, proud, shocking confrontation of the barrios of Venezuela: no help needed, thank you! Russia, with its flooded, barrell-organ city that rains nuclear fallout (or fishfood?) rather than Disney’s snow… and the tiny, poignant glimpse of the lagoon that became a panorama in the cardboard model cell that fronted it. Japan, sensual as you want, breath-taking and tactile (they’ll sell you gorgeous, bagged samples of bamboo, rope made from rice straw and charred cedar with the exhibition catalogues but don’t get caught touching the real thing!). That crazy Korean cartoon about death, burial and living forever through starburst cell phone messages… The RCA’s joyous, riotous London, MIT’s ecstatic, Big Brother Rome and C Magazine’s amazing photographs. And two long, unforgiving walks to the end of the line: Greece’s subtle and confounding intelligence about the archipelago and the poetry of China’s roof-tile square, an unforgettable rumination on the effects of modernisation, both rewarded every footstep and more.

But it is the paradigm shift represented by the Arsenale that is ultimately important. The most telling observation of all was by Christopher Hawthorne in the LA Times, reflecting on the denoument in New York that had Lords Foster and Rogers traversing the Atlantic from Venice to New York and back again during Vernissage: “After a decade in which architects and their clients grew obsessed with image ˜ as digital technology made the stunning two-dimensional rendering as powerful a force in the field as any completed building ˜ the shift is overdue. After all, the lessons seem all too clear at the World Trade Center site, where the participation of the world’s top architects failed to budge developer Larry Silverstein or Port Authority bureaucrats even an inch from entrenched positions. The rebuilding process there ought to be primarily remembered, at least in architecture, as a place where image took on power and was soundly routed.” Hmmm.

From an insular viewpoint: shocked to find Dublin described by our neighbours in the Padiglione Italia as a “shrinking city” (apparently the definition of shrinking cities is a hot topic for discussion in Germany, too, especially in Halle - and is gleefully exploited by the officials of Hamburg, among others) in the year that Ireland’s population reached its highest since 1861 and the capital’s inner city population increased dramatically, largely through immigration; but absolutely terrified by the implications of the European rail-v-air travel share over the next generation as set out in the Arsenale in Ricky’s Europe of Regions (2025) v Europe of Cities (2005) exhibit. In my mind, it moves heneghan.peng.architects’ proposal for a rail link between Ireland and Wales to Ireland’s top-of-the-survival charts. Ireland’s exhibit will come home in the New Year, the basis for a series of national discussions and debates. In an election year and with population growth over the next generation projected at up to 38%, you might say it’s gotta be shit or bust.

The Worst Pavilions

Monday, September 25th, 2006

Switzerland : I didn’t get the humour in it, if there was any.
France : for its affordable “hedonism” and nothing more (le pur plaisir de ne rien inventer).
Finland : one of the nicest pavilions, with well presented (even not too bad) projects. A fatal combination of good potential + irrelevant result.

There are, sadly some even worse pavilions.
With the exception of a few remarkable shows at the Padiglione Italia (Italian Pavilion), I wasn’t thrilled by the Biennale. The generous amount of colourful visuals, playful devices, sculptural rooftops, little huts and pretension has quickly driven me into a state of bored architectural disgust. Maybe it’s just the indigestion effect.

We are all aware of how difficult it is to show architecture but this is not a reason for tiring the visitor with the display of excessive and often meaningless gesticulations or boring him with selections of domestic projects of poor theoretical interest, in an attempt at sobriety.

The anachronistic concept of a national pavilion would become more exciting if transformed in a space/place for hosting trans-national views, experiences and projects.

I was not shocked by the absence of Architecture, but disappointed by the absence of intelligence and by the reluctance of many to keep to the theme, despite its undeniable interest. Some urgent, fundamental questions were raised; I do hope we’ll try to answer them.

Aaron Betsky Interview

Thursday, September 21st, 2006

Aaron_betsky_cover

photo from archinet.com

Michael Najjar

Thursday, September 21st, 2006

Michael_najjer